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Soil temperature instruments produce continuous time series of shallow subsurface temperature, moisture, and electrical conductivity. These datasets help track thermal variations and identify transient events that may be associated with changes in volcanic activity.

Temperature Time Series

Continuous records of shallow subsurface soil temperature at two depths.

Moisture and Conductivity

Co-located measurements of soil moisture (volumetric water content) and bulk electrical conductivity, providing environmental context for gas and thermal signals.
TEROS 12 soil probes were deployed at two sites at Okmok volcano:
  • OKNC: A pair of TEROS 12 sensors at shallow and deep depths, measuring temperature, moisture, and electrical conductivity.
  • OKCE: A pair of TEROS 12 sensors at shallow and deep depths, co-located with a Vaisala GMP343 CO₂ probe.
The data for the soil probes deployed at Okmok are hosted by the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO). Raw data can be visualised and downloaded from their webpage.